Dussehra (Vijayadashami) 2025: History, Story, Significance, Puja Rituals and Celebrations

India is often called the land of festivals, where every celebration carries deep cultural, spiritual, and social meaning.At Harishyam Arts, we believe that festivals like Dussehra are not just traditions but timeless stories brought to life through art and culture  Among the most important Hindu festivals is Dussehra, also known as Vijayadashami. This festival is observed at the end of Navratri and symbolizes the victory of good over evil, truth over lies, and righteousness over injustice. In 2025, Dussehra will be celebrated on October 2nd.

History and Mythological Stories of Dussehra

1. The Ramayana Story: Lord Rama’s Victory Over Ravana

One of the most popular stories associated with Dussehra comes from the epic Ramayana. Ravana, the ten-headed demon king of Lanka, abducted Goddess Sita, the wife of Lord Rama. To rescue her, Lord Rama, along with his brother Lakshmana and the devoted Hanuman, fought a fierce battle against Ravana’s mighty army.

The battle lasted for days, but on the tenth day (Dashami), Lord Rama finally killed Ravana with the help of the Brahmastra. This day came to be known as Vijayadashami or Dussehra, symbolizing the destruction of arrogance, greed, and evil.

The burning of Ravana’s effigy during Dussehra celebrations signifies the elimination of negative traits within us—ego, anger, lust, and pride.

2. The Legend of Goddess Durga and Mahishasura

Another significant legend comes from the Devi Mahatmya. Mahishasura, a powerful demon blessed with a boon that no man or god could kill him, unleashed terror on Earth and Heaven. The gods then created a divine female warrior—Goddess Durga, an embodiment of their combined powers.

Durga fought Mahishasura for nine days and nights, and on the tenth day, she finally killed him. This victory is commemorated as Vijayadashami, marking the triumph of divine power and justice over evil forces.

This story also connects Dussehra with Navratri, as the nine days represent Durga’s battle, and the tenth day is her victory.

3. The Pandavas in the Mahabharata

According to another legend from the Mahabharata, the Pandavas hid their weapons in a Shami tree during their exile. After completing their year of disguise (Agyatvas), they retrieved their weapons on Vijayadashami and prayed to the tree before going into battle. Since then, worship of the Shami tree has become an important Dussehra ritual.

Significance of Dussehra

Dussehra is not just a religious festival but a reminder of universal values:

• Victory of Good Over Evil: Truth and righteousness always triumph, no matter how strong evil appears.
  

• Spiritual Significance: Encourages people to conquer their inner demons like ego, anger, greed, and dishonesty.
  

• Cultural Importance: Celebrated differently across India, showcasing unity in diversity.
  

• Auspicious Beginnings: Many consider it the best day to start new ventures, purchases, or important tasks.
  

Puja Method and Rituals on Dussehra

1. Shami Puja: Devotees worship the Shami tree, symbolizing strength and protection.
   

2. Aparajita Puja: A ritual for Goddess Aparajita, a form of Durga, to seek blessings for success.
   

3. Weapons Worship (Ayudha Puja): In South India, people worship their tools, vehicles, and books to honor their livelihood.
   

4. Ravana Dahan: Effigies of Ravana, Meghnath, and Kumbhkaran are burnt with fireworks in open grounds.
   

5. Ram Leela: The theatrical performance of the Ramayana is staged in many parts of North India.
   

Regional Celebrations of Dussehra

• North India: Famous for Ram Leela and Ravana Dahan.
  

• West Bengal & Eastern States: Celebrated as the culmination of Durga Puja, with grand idol immersions.
  

• Mysore Dussehra (Karnataka): A royal celebration with decorated elephants, palace illuminations, and cultural events.
  

• Kullu Dussehra (Himachal Pradesh): Unique week-long festivities with deities carried in processions.
  

• South India: Known as Ayudha Puja and Bommai Golu (doll display in Tamil Nadu).
  

Traditional Foods of Dussehra

Every festival in India is tied to delicious food, and Dussehra is no exception. Some traditional dishes include:

• Puris, halwa, and chole in North India
  

• Puran Poli in Maharashtra
  

• Payasam, sweet pongal, and sundal in South India
  

• Sandesh and rasgulla in Bengal
  

Eco-Friendly Dussehra: A Modern Touch

With growing awareness about the environment, many communities are opting for:

• Effigies made of biodegradable materials
  

• Reduced use of fireworks to cut down on pollution
  

• Promoting symbolic celebrations rather than large-scale burning
  

Dussehra Outside India

• Nepal: Celebrated as Dashain, the biggest Hindu festival in the country.
  

• Sri Lanka: Some regions remember the story of Ravana with cultural rituals.
  

• Bangladesh: Celebrated alongside Durga Puja by the Hindu community.
  

• Indian Diaspora: Across the USA, UK, Canada, and Australia, communities celebrate with Ram Leela, cultural events, and Ravana effigy burning.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) on Dussehra

Q1.What is the difference between Durga Puja and Dussehra?

Ans: Durga Puja, celebrated mainly in West Bengal and eastern India, honors Goddess Durga’s victory over Mahishasura. Dussehra, celebrated widely across India, marks both Durga’s triumph and Lord Rama’s victory over Ravana. Essentially, Durga Puja ends with Dussehra (Vijayadashami).

Q2.What is the spiritual meaning of Dussehra?

Ans: Beyond rituals, Dussehra teaches us to defeat our inner demons such as ego, greed, anger, and dishonesty, and to live a life of truth and virtue.

Q3. What is the main message of the festival of Dussehra?

Ans: The core message of Dussehra is the victory of good over evil. It teaches us that truth, righteousness, and virtue will always prevail, no matter how powerful evil may seem. Spiritually, it also reminds us to conquer our inner demons like ego, anger, greed, and jealousy, and live a life of honesty and courage.

Q4. Is Dussehra an auspicious day for new beginnings?

Ans: Yes, Vijayadashami is considered highly auspicious for starting new ventures, buying property, or initiating education.

Conclusion

Dussehra, or Vijayadashami, is not just a festival—it is a message for humanity. Whether through the story of Lord Rama defeating Ravana or Goddess Durga slaying Mahishasura, it inspires us to fight evil, both in the world and within ourselves.

This Dussehra, let’s celebrate not only with rituals and festivities but also by adopting the values of truth, courage, and righteousness in our daily lives.